"dubae" meaning in All languages combined

See dubae on Wiktionary

Adjective [Old Irish]

IPA: /ˈd̪u.βe/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], dubae [error-unrecognized-form], ndubae [error-unrecognized-form]
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”). DIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*dubwiyom}} Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, {{af|cel-pro|*dus-|*bwiyeti|*-om|alt2=*-bwi-|lit=being bad|nocat=1|pos3=verbal noun suffix|t1=bad|t2=being}} *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”, {{cog|wlm|dyfydd|t=grief}} Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”), {{af|sga|do-|t1=bad}} do- (“bad”), {{affix|sga|dub|-e|nocat=1|pos2=abstract suffix|t1=black}} dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix) Head templates: {{head|sga|adjective form}} dubae Inflection templates: {{sga-mutation}}
  1. genitive singular feminine of dub Tags: feminine, form-of, genitive, singular Form of: dub
    Sense id: en-dubae-sga-adj-Y~i6VvQ~ Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Old Irish terms prefixed with do- Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 46 54 Disambiguation of Old Irish terms prefixed with do-: 47 53

Noun [Old Irish]

IPA: /ˈd̪u.βe/
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”). DIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*dubwiyom}} Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, {{af|cel-pro|*dus-|*bwiyeti|*-om|alt2=*-bwi-|lit=being bad|nocat=1|pos3=verbal noun suffix|t1=bad|t2=being}} *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”, {{cog|wlm|dyfydd|t=grief}} Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”), {{af|sga|do-|t1=bad}} do- (“bad”), {{affix|sga|dub|-e|nocat=1|pos2=abstract suffix|t1=black}} dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|dubai||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|altform=|cat2=|g=n|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} dubae n (genitive dubai), {{sga-noun|n|dubai}} dubae n (genitive dubai) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-io-neut|dub|a}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=dubae+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=dubae+L|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=dubae+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=io-n|dat_du=dubaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=dubaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=dubu+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=dubae+L|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=dubae+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=dubai+L|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=dubae+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=dubae+L|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=dubae+N|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=dubae+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=dubae+L|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=dubae+N|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}} Forms: dubai [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], dubae [nominative, singular], dubae [dual, nominative], dubae [nominative, plural], dubae [singular, vocative], dubae [dual, vocative], dubae [plural, vocative], dubae [accusative, singular], dubae [accusative, dual], dubae [accusative, plural], dubai [genitive, singular], dubae [dual, genitive], dubae [genitive, plural], dubu [dative, singular], dubaib [dative, dual], dubaib [dative, plural]
  1. gloom, grief Tags: neuter Derived forms: dubach
    Sense id: en-dubae-sga-noun-BSkOYmla Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Old Irish terms prefixed with do-, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 46 54 Disambiguation of Old Irish terms prefixed with do-: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 23 77 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 12 88
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "dubha"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubwiyom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*dus-",
        "3": "*bwiyeti",
        "4": "*-om",
        "alt2": "*-bwi-",
        "lit": "being bad",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos3": "verbal noun suffix",
        "t1": "bad",
        "t2": "being"
      },
      "expansion": "*dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "dyfydd",
        "t": "grief"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "do-",
        "t1": "bad"
      },
      "expansion": "do- (“bad”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "dub",
        "3": "-e",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "abstract suffix",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”).\nDIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-io-neut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "dubai",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dubae n (genitive dubai)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "dubai"
      },
      "expansion": "dubae n (genitive dubai)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dub",
        "2": "a"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-io-neut"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "dubae+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "dubae+L",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "dubae+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "io-n",
        "dat_du": "dubaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "dubu+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "dubae+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "dubae+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "dubai+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "dubae+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "dubae+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "dubae+N",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "dubae+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "dubae+L",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "dubae+N",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "subae"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish terms prefixed with do-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dubach"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "glosses maeror"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloom, grief"
      ],
      "id": "en-dubae-sga-noun-BSkOYmla",
      "links": [
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "grief",
          "grief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd̪u.βe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dubae"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubwiyom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*dus-",
        "3": "*bwiyeti",
        "4": "*-om",
        "alt2": "*-bwi-",
        "lit": "being bad",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos3": "verbal noun suffix",
        "t1": "bad",
        "t2": "being"
      },
      "expansion": "*dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "dyfydd",
        "t": "grief"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "do-",
        "t1": "bad"
      },
      "expansion": "do- (“bad”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "dub",
        "3": "-e",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "abstract suffix",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”).\nDIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ndubae",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "dubae",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish terms prefixed with do-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "dub"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive singular feminine of dub"
      ],
      "id": "en-dubae-sga-adj-Y~i6VvQ~",
      "links": [
        [
          "dub",
          "dub#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd̪u.βe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dubae"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish adjective forms",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish neuter io-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish neuter nouns",
    "Old Irish non-lemma forms",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms prefixed with do-",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dubach"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "dubha"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubwiyom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*dus-",
        "3": "*bwiyeti",
        "4": "*-om",
        "alt2": "*-bwi-",
        "lit": "being bad",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos3": "verbal noun suffix",
        "t1": "bad",
        "t2": "being"
      },
      "expansion": "*dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "dyfydd",
        "t": "grief"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "do-",
        "t1": "bad"
      },
      "expansion": "do- (“bad”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "dub",
        "3": "-e",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "abstract suffix",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”).\nDIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-io-neut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "dubai",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "dubae n (genitive dubai)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "dubai"
      },
      "expansion": "dubae n (genitive dubai)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dub",
        "2": "a"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-io-neut"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "dubae+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "dubae+L",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "dubae+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "io-n",
        "dat_du": "dubaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "dubaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "dubu+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "dubae+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "dubae+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "dubai+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "dubae+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "dubae+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "dubae+N",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "dubae+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "dubae+L",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "dubae+N",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "subae"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "glosses maeror"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloom, grief"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gloom",
          "gloom"
        ],
        [
          "grief",
          "grief"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd̪u.βe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dubae"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish adjective forms",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish neuter io-stem nouns",
    "Old Irish neuter nouns",
    "Old Irish non-lemma forms",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms prefixed with do-",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*dubwiyom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*dus-",
        "3": "*bwiyeti",
        "4": "*-om",
        "alt2": "*-bwi-",
        "lit": "being bad",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos3": "verbal noun suffix",
        "t1": "bad",
        "t2": "being"
      },
      "expansion": "*dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "dyfydd",
        "t": "grief"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "do-",
        "t1": "bad"
      },
      "expansion": "do- (“bad”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "dub",
        "3": "-e",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "abstract suffix",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) + *-bwi- (“being”) + *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”).\nDIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) + -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dubae",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ndubae",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "dubae",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "dub"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive singular feminine of dub"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dub",
          "dub#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈd̪u.βe/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "dubae"
}

Download raw JSONL data for dubae meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: dubae/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "dubae"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "dubae",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "dubae"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "dubae",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "dubae"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "dubae",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.